Combining elements of the short punt and spread formations (“spread” in that it had receivers spread widely instead of close to or behind the interior line players), it was said to be like a “shotgun” in spraying receivers around the field like a scatter-shot gun. The formation was named by the man who actually devised the formation, San Francisco 49ers coach Red Hickey, in 1960. The disadvantages are that the defense knows a pass is more than likely coming up (although some running plays can be run effectively from the shotgun) and there is a higher risk of a botched snap than in a simple center/quarterback exchange. Another advantage is that standing further back from the line before the snap gives the quarterback a better “look” at the defensive alignment. One of the advantages of the shotgun formation is that the passer has more time to set up in the pocket which gives him a second or two to locate open receivers. Sometimes the quarterback will have a back on one or both sides before the snap, while other times he will be the lone player in the backfield with everyone spread out as receivers. In the shotgun, instead of the quarterback receiving the snap from center at the line of scrimmage, he stands at least 5 yards back. This formation is used by many teams in obvious passing situations, although other teams do use this as their base formation. The Shotgun formation is an alignment used by the offensive team in American and Canadian football. They feel that they have a better feel for reading the coverage, plus have more time in the pocket to beat the blitz. Many teams in college football have their quarterback line up in the Shotgun because they feel more comfortable. In the Shotgun, the quarterback lines up 5 to 7 yards behind the center and receives a long snap. Of all the offensive sets in the game of football, the Shotgun is our favorite to pass from.
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